In the mid-20th century, eucalyptus and pine trees were imported into the Andes for fast-growing timber and fuel. However, the introduction of these non-native species has had significant negative impacts on the environment. Eucalyptus trees are highly water-intensive, depleting local water resources, and their fallen leaves release chemicals that inhibit other plants' growth. Similarly, pine trees acidify the soil, have shallow roots that increase erosion, and dense forests outcompete native vegetation, reducing soil fertility and biodiversity.
Native species, on the other hand, are being forgotten, sometimes treated as weeds, despite their ability to enrich the soil, conserve water, and support biodiversity. Recognizing the importance of these native trees, the JOVEM project launched a conservation initiative aimed at teaching youngsters and their communities about the ancient benefits of these native species, particularly through agroforestry.
The Benefits of Native Trees
Native trees like Qenhua(Polylepis) and Aliso (Alnus acuminata) play a crucial role in conserving soil moisture and preventing erosion. Mutuy (Cassia tomentosa) is another valuable native tree, known for its nitrogen-fixing abilities that improve soil health. Additionally, Mutuy provides high-quality timber, making it an important resource for local communities.
Trees such as Ayrampu (Opuntia soehrensii) and Puru Puru (Chuquiraga spinosa) are drought-resistant and offer valuable medicinal benefits. Ayrampu produces edible fruits that are a reliable food source in arid regions, while Puru Puru supports pollinators like bees, which are essential for the health of the ecosystem.
Furthermore, Sauco (Sambucus peruviana) and Almáacigo (Schinus molle) produce edible berries used in traditional medicines.
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The JOVEM Project's Approach
The JOVEM project focuses on revaluing these native species by saving, reproducing, and planting them on the Montefino farm and in the youngsters communities, all while sharing knowledge on their benefits with the youngsters in the program. Youngsters not only learn to preserve these trees but also learn about the benefits of Agroforestry. By planting native trees alongside crops, farmers can improve soil health, enhance water retention, and boost biodiversity.
By recognizing and utilizing the unique benefits of native trees, the JOVEM project is helping to conserve water, enrich soil, and support biodiversity. This conservation initiative not only protects the environment but also empowers local communities by teaching them sustainable farming practices rooted in ancient wisdom.
This project was made possible with the support of Stad Merksplas.
The JOVEM team